In escrow, a neutral third party (escrow agent or title company) holds the buyer's deposit and documents until the transaction is complete and all conditions are satisfied.Traditionally, the seller pays the total commission from the sale proceeds, which is then split between the listing agent and buyer's agent, though this is changing in the US after recent legal settlements.A contingent status means a buyer's offer was accepted, but the deal can still fall through if conditions — such as financing approval, home inspection, or sale of the buyer's current home — are not met.Lenders require a licensed appraiser to assess market value before approving a mortgage, ensuring the loan amount is appropriate relative to the property's worth.LTV is calculated by dividing the loan amount by the property's appraised value; a lower LTV typically results in better loan terms and may avoid private mortgage insurance (PMI).Title insurance protects against problems discovered after closing, such as unpaid liens, forged signatures in prior transfers, or errors in public records that could threaten ownership.PMI is added to the monthly mortgage payment when the down payment is less than 20%; once the borrower reaches 20% equity, PMI can generally be removed.Under contract means both buyer and seller have agreed to terms and signed a purchase contract; the deal may still fall through if conditions are not met.A fixed-rate mortgage offers payment stability; an ARM typically starts lower but can change — up or down — after the initial fixed period, creating payment uncertainty.Cap rate is calculated by dividing a property's net operating income by its purchase price; it helps investors compare potential returns across different properties.Earnest money (typically 1–3% of the purchase price) is held in escrow and applied to closing costs or the down payment if the sale closes, or forfeited if the buyer backs out without a valid contingency.A licensed home inspector visually examines the home's roof, foundation, electrical, plumbing, HVAC, and other systems and components, reporting defects to the buyer.Assessed value is used to calculate property taxes and may not reflect current market conditions; market value is determined by buyer demand, comparable sales, and the property's features.Named for Section 1031 of the US tax code, this exchange lets investors defer capital gains taxes by rolling proceeds from a sold investment property into a 'like-kind' replacement property.DOM is a key indicator of market demand; a short DOM suggests high demand, while a high DOM may indicate overpricing or other issues with the property.The deed is signed by the seller at closing and recorded with the county, officially transferring legal ownership of the property to the new owner.Most states require sellers to disclose known material defects — such as roof leaks, foundation issues, or past flooding — that could affect the property's value or the buyer's decision.Walkability scores measure how close a location is to amenities like groceries, restaurants, schools, and transit, affecting both quality of life and property values.Real estate agents prepare CMAs by analyzing recently sold comparable homes (comps) to help sellers set a competitive asking price or buyers make an informed offer.A survey performed by a licensed surveyor establishes the exact legal boundaries of a parcel, which is important for fence placement, additions, and resolving neighbor disputes.An as-is sale signals the seller's intent not to negotiate repairs; buyers can still inspect the property and may withdraw if they discover unacceptable conditions.HOAs collect monthly or annual dues to maintain common areas and enforce community rules (CC&Rs); fees and restrictions vary widely and affect total ownership costs.The traditional 28/36 rule suggests spending no more than 28% of gross monthly income on housing and no more than 36% on total debt, though lenders may allow higher ratios.In a short sale, the homeowner owes more than the property is worth; the lender must approve the sale at the reduced price as an alternative to foreclosure.Curb appeal is the first impression a property makes from outside; studies show that high curb appeal can meaningfully increase sale price and reduce time on market.The listing agreement defines the relationship between seller and agent, including the asking price, agent's commission, and duration of the agreement.The MLS is a cooperative database maintained by local Realtor associations; properties listed in the MLS are visible to all member agents and the public through portals like Zillow and Realtor.com.Quitclaim deeds are often used between family members or divorcing spouses; they make no guarantees about the quality of title, unlike a warranty deed.A low absorption rate (slow sales) favors buyers; a high absorption rate (fast sales) favors sellers. It helps agents advise clients on market conditions.Condo ownership typically includes interior space and a share of common areas; townhouse ownership usually includes the structure and the land parcel beneath it.Common contingencies include financing, inspection, and appraisal; they protect buyers by allowing them to exit the contract without losing their earnest money if conditions aren't met.NOI is a fundamental metric for evaluating income properties; it equals all revenue minus operating costs (maintenance, insurance, taxes, management) but before debt service.Buyers typically prefer warranty deeds because the seller legally guarantees the title is clear; quitclaims offer no such protection.Real estate bubbles occur when speculative demand drives prices to unsustainable levels; the 2008 US housing crash is a well-known example of a burst real estate bubble.During due diligence, buyers conduct inspections, review disclosures, and investigate anything that could affect their decision; they can typically withdraw for any reason during this window.Equity grows as the home's value increases and as the mortgage balance is paid down; it represents the owner's actual financial stake in the property.Fiduciary duty in real estate means the agent must prioritize their client's best interest — including loyalty, confidentiality, disclosure, and obedience — above their own interests.Closing costs typically range from 2–5% of the purchase price and include lender fees, title insurance, prepaid taxes and insurance, escrow fees, and various other charges.Supply and demand determine which side has leverage; in a seller's market, homes sell quickly and above asking price; in a buyer's market, buyers can negotiate and take their time.Positive cash flow means the property generates income after all costs; negative cash flow means the investor is subsidizing the property monthly, hoping for appreciation.You scored 0 out of 40You scored 1 out of 40You scored 2 out of 40You scored 3 out of 40You scored 4 out of 40You scored 5 out of 40You scored 6 out of 40You scored 7 out of 40You scored 8 out of 40You scored 9 out of 40You scored 10 out of 40You scored 11 out of 40You scored 12 out of 40You scored 13 out of 40You scored 14 out of 40You scored 15 out of 40You scored 16 out of 40You scored 17 out of 40You scored 18 out of 40You scored 19 out of 40You scored 20 out of 40You scored 21 out of 40You scored 22 out of 40You scored 23 out of 40You scored 24 out of 40You scored 25 out of 40You scored 26 out of 40You scored 27 out of 40You scored 28 out of 40You scored 29 out of 40You scored 30 out of 40You scored 31 out of 40You scored 32 out of 40You scored 33 out of 40You scored 34 out of 40You scored 35 out of 40You scored 36 out of 40You scored 37 out of 40You scored 38 out of 40You scored 39 out of 40You scored 40 out of 40
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Buying, selling, and investing in property involves a whole vocabulary and skill set that most people pick up only when they need it. From what escrow actually means to how cap rates work and what a 1031 exchange can do for investors, this 40-question quiz covers the full world of real estate. Think you know your stuff? Score 35 out of 40 to prove you're a true real estate expert.
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Buying, selling, and investing in property involves a whole vocabulary and skill set that most people pick up only when they need it. From what escrow actually means to how cap rates work and what a 1031 exchange can do for investors, this 40-question quiz covers the full world of real estate. Think you know your stuff? Score 35 out of 40 to prove you're a true real estate expert.